Receiving apparatus for alternative wireless telegraphy and telephony.



J. SGHIBSSLER. I RECEIVING APPARATUS FOR ALTERNATIVE WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY AND T APPLICATION FILED .AUG.11, 1910.

ELBPHQNY.

Patented Apr. 7, 1914,

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

J. SGHIESSLER. RECEIVING APPARATUS FOR ALTEBHATIVB WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY AND TELEPHONY.

' APPLIOATIOI IIL'ED AUG. 11, I910. 1 092,294 j Patented Apr. 7, 1914 2 BEEBTS-SHEET 2.

ratus for Alternative Wireless Te egraphy UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEF SCHIESSLER, 0F BADEN, NEAR VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

TELEPHONY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. "1, 1914...

Original application filed Apri120, 1908, Serial No. 428,255. Divided and this application filed August 11,

' 1910. Serial No. 576,742.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JosEF SoHmssLnR, subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at Baden, near Vienna, Austria- Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Receivin Appaand Telephony, (being a division of m application, Serial N 0. 428,255, filed April 20, 1908,) of'which the following is a specification.

' My invention relates to wireless apparatus for receiving telephonic or telegraphic signals and has forits object a novel arrangement and construction of parts designed. to transmit electric waves or oscillations, which are picked up b means of a doubleantenna system and are etermined in respect to their direction, to a strong current circuit including incandescence resistances, for the purpose of strengthening thereby the amplitude ofthe oscillations and also t e action of the same which action otherwise would be weak.

Referring to the drawings in'which'like parts are similarly designated: Figure 1 1s a perspective view of one of the adjustable condensers in connection withmy system.

. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatioview ofthe electrical circuits, and apparatus at a ireless station. Figs. 3 and 4 are diagrams modifications of certain elements. Fig. i5 is an elevation, partly in section and Fig. 6 is a plan, (if amount for one-of the conical solenoids or windings used in connection with my system,

The apparatus constructed according to my invention consists of the following parts:

, 1. The antenna system provided with a calling device. 2. The proper receiving appa- The latter apparatus 15 divided up into two arts 11. e.: (a) apparatus for receiving te egraphic messages, and (b) ap-- paratus for the reception of telephonic m'essa es.

The antemia systems-The antenna system isnrranged to be connected with the receiving apparatus and consists of two plate condensers l and 2, of the form hereinafter described, each of which contains {five plates.

The inner even numbered plat s 3 and 4 withthe samesi 'areconnecte by means of conducting-r0 tivelyfwh sdidftl'bils and can: c cepts I he an- I in the predetermined direction.

s 5, 6 torollers 7 8 rqspagry slidably mounted upon thetenna wires 9, 10 wound in the form of two coils and constructed in the form of the Well known Lecher system, and which have the length of half a wave and are connectedat the nodal points of the tension, by a metallic bridge 11, which is itself grounded by a wire 12. The lower outer coatings 13, 14 of the condensers are connected to the proper re-v ceiving apparatus the connect-ion of which will be hereinafter described. In using the double antenna in the manner of a Lecher system, moreover, the purpose was aimed at to determine with the aid of a revolving double antenna system the direction of the incoming electric waves ust in the same way as is the case with similar receiving antenna arrangements and as was proved as being" possible by several pioneers in the art referred to. With this object in View the wires 9, 10 are wound on two masts 9", 10, respectively, which are hinged at 15 to a revoluble platform 16, so that the two masts .9 10 can be rocked, if necessary, about the hinges 15 and the whole antennasystem be'turned into i a position .which will be suitable for the reception of the incoming waves propagated Hingedf masts have heretofore been used, see J. Ze11-' neck, Lez'tfaden cler Dmh-tlosen Telegraphic 1909, page 317 etseg. Published by Ferdinand Enke, at Stuttgart, Germany. In

addition to the said arrangement the double antenna system being used .as receiving apparatus is built up as a completely closed oscillpting circuit by connecting the upper outer coatings 17, 18 of the condensers with each other by -means of a conductor 19. On

the other hand a calling device is connected with the antennnsystem. For the purpose of connecting the said calling device a sensitive relay 20 is bridged wlth a switch 21 across the two antenna coils at the center points of the same, wheres-n oscillation loop is being formed and in the circuit of the relay contacts is arranged any suitable simple pr plombined signaling device 22 of known in 1 )Recez'vz'ng apparatus-The, supply current circuit including a source of current 0 is' divided at 23 and provides current for either receiving telegraphic signals or for receiving telephonic messages. In the first case the supply current trav erses a regulating resistance 2; and twqcomcal chokace ing coils 25, 2% up to the switch contact 27. If the three pole lever switch 28 be in the position shown, in engagement. with the contacts 30, the circuit is closed across 2'4", 31. This circuit includes a double coneshaped solenoid 32 which consists of a wire oi high resistance and good heat conductivity, and from which two wires lead off current to the contacts 33, 34. By the switch lever 28 an oscillating circuit is however closed in which are placed cone shaped transformer solenoids 35, 36 over the conductor 37 and parallel therewith is a variable condenser if, however, he switch lever 28 be moved over into engagement with the contacts 39, 40, another part of the principal current circuit passes.tlirougli a regulating resistance e1, receiving solenoids 4,2, ale and a junction piece 43 to the contact l5. in a shunt circuit branching oil from the junction piece 44 a condenser 46, to the inner coatings of which a telephone 47 is connected. The undulatory circuit (electric waves superposed on the continuous current) will alternately load and unload the condenser 4.6. Moving the switch lever 28 over into engagement with contacts 39, 40, causes the closing of the telephone receiving oscillating circuit including a variable condenser 48. From the oscillating; circuit, branching off on either side of the condenser l8, a shunt circuit including a double cone shaped solenoid ii) the resistance of which is very small.

Instead of the resistance coil 32 of the telegraphic receivira; apparatus and of the freely conducting solenoid d9 of the telephonic receiving apparatus, an inrzandesccnt lamp, 50, see Fig. 3, may he inserted, the solenoidlilie'wound filament of which produces a magnetic .iicld which is influenced by two cone-shaped solenoids 5.1, of the oscillating circuit. In the telephonic rccoiving apparatus the incandescent lamp 50 would he placed in the circuit with the supply wires 57%, 54, while the oscillating circuit, trai-erscijl by the electrical waves, would include the two solenoids Si, 532 instead of the original. double cone-shaped solenoid ll The arrangement shown in Fig. 4 may, however, he. used, in which in the telegraphic receiving apparatus two incandescent lamps 55, 56 are placed in the principal circuit, while instead of the two mile-shaped solenoids 55, So, of the oscill at ing circuit, a single double cone-shaped solenoid 57' is employed, see l. Such an arrai'igcment may, however, be also used in the telephonic receiving apparatus, the two incandescent lamps 553, 5G, -fl, being subslit-ulcd for the two coi'ie-sluiped solenoids 42, 4 3. The incandescent. lamps might however he just as well replaccd'by a Tyndalls platinum lamp, which would allow current of greater strength to he used. in such an denser of this kind.

and upon a plate Z) that is mounted to slide arrangement the fluctuations in the intensity of the light of the incandescent lamp could be utilizcdto influence a light sensitive film.

in a systen'i of wireless telegraphy and telephony as great an operating range as possible is to be attained, and it should therei'ore he sought to give the receiving apparatus as great a capacity as possible and very small self induction. This accomplished by the use of condensers which simultaneously bring about the coupling of the oscillating circuit. lu dccreasinc' self induction however the coupling co-ellicient becomes smaller and smaller although it must increase with increasing energy in order to render a powerful induction possible.

This is effected according to this invention by the peculiar construction and peculiar use of condensers which comprise sliding parts as hereinafter described. l ig. l of the accompanying ilrawing illustrates a con- Upon a base plate a thereon are arranged six or more plates.

The two outer plates 0 are secured to a base board g, while upon the slide Z are arranged alongside each other the four inner plates (Z at equal distances apart and which. can be pushed as far as desired between the two previously mentioned plates 0,. whereby the capacity of the. condenser can be regulated within any desired limits. The four inner plates (Z are, however, so connected up that the even and odd plates, respectively are always connected with each other, see Fig. 2 since. these have the same sign. By this means the coupling; co --cliicient increases without the self induction ll'l(.l."\ilt:llllg at the same time. The air is used as a dielectric, and its di clectric constant can be increased by a. permanent or elcctro-n'iaguct placed ov r the gaps between the plates and by means whereof the lines of induction, which pass over from one plate to another, are deflected or blown away, as are the sparks in the magnetic spa rli extiuclioii. 'llic condenser plates are placed in a strong magnetic field established between the poles of an cloctro-maguet or permanent niagnct. By the action of the said field the lines of force will deflect. the lines oi electric induction lictween the condenser plates generated by the charge and discharge of the condenser and similar to the well known action of magnetic spark extinction, said lines of induction will he blown oil." '7onsmplcntly the sparking voltage will. increase, and thus an eli'cct is obtained similar to that of inserting a medium of a higher diclec tric constant between the condenser plates. This form of condenser olilains throughout the whole apparatus. in like manner, that is to say, throughout the whole apparatus, the form of a single or double cone is given to all the solenoids, wluu'chy a concentration oi the magnetic lines of force and thereby a more ppwerful action is obtained. In this way it 1s possible, so to speak, to produce biconvex and bi-concave lenses for magnetic rays of force and to collect them into a focus, the entire magnetic field being accordmgly concentrated into one point, and thereby uncommonly increasing the action.

If a. telegraphic message/ is to be received the switch lever 28 is laced as above stated in engagement with t e contacts 29, 30,27. The electric pulsating currents coming in from the antennae 9, 10 traverse the oscillatmg circuit 29, 30, 35, 36 and, strengthened by the condenser 38 connected in parallel, influence the magnetic field of the cone-shaped solenoids 35, 36v in such a way that its fluctuations so influence the constant magnetic field of the double cone-shaped solenoid 32 which is traversed by the principal current, that the current flowing therethrough pulsates in the rhythm of the interruptions of the Morse key of the transmitting instrument. This pulsating current may directly operate a tapper h or a writing apparatus,

or other similar device, which may be connected to the contacts 33, 34. If, however, the apparatus be modified according to Fig. 3, the fluctuating intensity of the light of the incandescent lamp, a platinum filament lamp, for example, may be utilized to photograph the fluctuations upon a moving light sensitive screen or film, these fluctuations being analogous to thedashes and dots of the Morse alphabet. The same result might also be attained, with suitable modifications,

with the apparatus shown in Fig. 4; If, however, the switch lever 28 be placed into engagement with the contacts 31, 39, 40, the oscillating circuit 39, 40, 48, will be switched in together with its shunt connected solenoid 49, and the principal circuit will be closed as well. The receivin ap paratus is then switched in for telep ony. The incoming waves passthrough the oscillating circuit 39, 40, 48, and the double coneshaped solenoid 49 connected in" shunt, and the magnetic field of such solenoid begins to fluctuate through the oscillations and the speech oscillations superposed upon them in the rhythm of these latter. These 0scill'ations strengthened by the simultaneous charges and discharges of the condenser 48,

influence in their turn the constant magnetic field of the solenoids, 42, 43 which are traversed by the constant suppl'y'current. This constant supply current is properly regulated by the resistance 41 and the field of the solenoids 42, 43 is so influenced by the oscillations that the variable condenser 46 connected in shunt is charged and discharged in the same rhythm, the fluctuating capacities derived from the inside plates,

which are charged by induction from the outer ones, influencing the telephone 47 in oscillations. The same thing will also hap- L pen if two incandescent lamps 55, 56, be placed in circuit as shown in Fig. 4, instead of the two solenoids, 42 and 43. The apparatus shown in Fig. 3 works in the same way also, the double cone-shaped solenoid 49 being replaced by the two cone-shaped solenoids 51, 52 and the cone-shaped solenoids 42, 43 of the principal circuit together with their connecting piece 44 being replaced by the incandescent lamp 50, whose coiled filaments act as resonating windings.

Instead of ordinary platinum filament incandescent lamps being employed, lamps having platinum spirals in a glass globe from which the air has not been withdrawn may be used with advantage.

The magnetic field of the cone-shaped solenoids, which, owing to the conical form of the said solenoids, is concentrated at'one weakened or made as effective as may be desired by mounting each of the two solenoids (35, 36 or 42, 43) to rotate upon a disk 58 (Figs. 5, 6), the two disks being movably mounted upon a sliding base 59 capable of sliding between fixed guides 60. The disk 58 with the coil supported upon it is held in its rotated adjusted position by a thumb screw 61. V

Claim:

1. In awireless signaling system, a receiver comprising a supply circuit-containing a resistance element, antennae, a circuit connected thereto containing a winding positioned to magnetically influence said re sistance, a ccndenser in parallel with the resistance and a receiving instrument connected in parallel to said resistance. I

2. In a wireless signaling system, a receiver comprising a supply circuit containing a resistance element heated to incan descence by continuous current, antennae, a circuit connected thereto containing a winding positioned to magnetically influence said resistance, a condenser in parallel with the resistance and a receiving instrument con nected in parallel with said resistance.

3. Ina wireless signaling system, a receiver comprising a supply circuit containing a resistance,element, antennae, a circuit connected therdjo containing a winding positioned to magnetically influence said resistance, an adjustable condenser in parallel with the resistance and a receiving in-' strnment connected in parallel with said resistance. Q

4. In a wireless signaling system, a receiver comprising a supply circuit containing a resistance element heated to incandescence by continuous current, antennae, a circuit conhected thereto containing a winding positioned to magnetically influence said resistance, an adjustable condenser in parallel with the resistance and a receiving instrument connected in parallel with said resistance. if

In a wireless signaling system, a receiver ct'nnprising a supply circuit having av resistance winding therein heated by continuous current, antennae, acircuit connected thereto containing a winding adjustable with relation to the resistance to vary the action of the magnetic field of said winding on the resistance, a condenser in parallel with the winding and a receiving instrument in parallel with the heated winding.

6. In a wireless signaling system, a re ceiver comprising a supply circuit having double helical heated winding therein, antenna), a circuit connected thereto contain-- ing two conical windings positioned to act at the e; daof the heated winding, means to adjust said two conical windings, an adjustable condenser in parallel with said two windings, and a receiving instrument connected in pa 'allcl with the h *atcd windin 7. In a wireless signaling system, a receiving circuit supplied by continuous electric current. a telegraphic receiving circuit forming a branch thereof and inchuling a double helical winding, an oscillating circuit having capacity and including conical windings adjacent the afor mentioned winding.

8. In a wireless signaling system, a main receiving circuit supplied with continuous current electricity, a receiving telephone circuit arranged to be connected there-1o and including windings also in said main cir cuit and an adjustable condenser, a telephone receiver connected to thc condenser.

an oscillating circuit. having capacity and a t winding in proximity to the a t'orcsaid windings.

i). In a wireless signaling system." a main f receiving circuit supplied with continuous current electriclty, a receiving telephone (ll cuit. arranged to be connected thereto and 1 including a pair of windings in series and hc hridge connecting said winnings and also in said main circuit, an adjustable condenser conncctcd in parallel with said windconical winding therein in proximity to the windings'and a condenser in parallel with the double conical windin 10. In a wireless signaling system, a main receiving circuit supplied with continuous current electricity, a receiving telephone circuit arranged to be connected thereto and including a pair of windings in series also included in said main circuit, and of high resistance, an adjustable condenser connected in parallel with said windings, a receiving oscillating circuit, a double conical windmean-ea ing therein in proximity to the windings, and a condenser in parallel with the double conical winding.

11. In a wireless signaling system; a main receiving circuit supplied with continuous current electricity, :1 receiving lcph'onc circuit arranged to he connectedthereto and. having a winding also included in s: id main circuit, an oscillating circuit having an oscillating winding adjacent the said winding, 21 receiving tclcgraph circuit havin a winding, an/ oscillating circuit pertaining thcrcto including an oscillating windi antennzr, and means to connect either of ant oscillating circuits to the antennae and r ninltancously connect their pertaining circuits to the receiving circuit. v

12. In a wireless signaling systei'ma source of direct current, a telcg aph receiving circuit and a telephone receiving circuit, regulahle resistances between the current source and cah of said circuits, a resistance for each circuit, a resonating circuit for each receiving circuit including windings positioned to magnetically inliucnco the resistances in the circuits and a condenser in each t'csonaliiig circuit in parallel with the wind ll. 1' therein, antennae, and switches to connect thr antenna with either receiving and resonating circuit.

15), ln :1 wireless signaling system. antenna comprisin masts having windings thereon of about halfn wave length, a metallic bridge connecting the windings and grounded. a condenser for each mast winding and means to adiustalily connect the condensers to their respective windings, said condensers connected together in parallel, a plurality of receiving oscillating circuits and means to connect the condensers to any of said circuitsl l-l. in a wireless signaling system, antenme comprising a rotatable platform. two masts hinged thereto, windings on the masts sulistantially half a ware in length a metal grounded at its center. a condenser for each ings, a receiving oscillating circuit, a double i mast. means to adjustahlyconnect each con- (lcnscr to its pertaining winding. said condcnscrs connected in parallel and two recciving oscillating circuits and means to connect the cont'lenscrs to either oi said circuits.

in testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand in presence oil two subscribing witnesscs.

JOSEF SClllESSl/lili. ll'itnesses Josnr Run-mic,

Aliens-r .Fcoonn. 

